Brain and Exercise

TANITIM YAZISI

The brain is a complex and dynamic organ that operates within a constantly changing

network system. This book underscores the pivotal role of exercise in shaping this dynamic

structure, influencing factors such as blood flow, brain oxygenation, neuronal plasticity,

and the function of brain lobes. It serves as a reminder that we can actively shape our

brain’s health through exercise, a topic of immense importance and relevance in today’s

fast-paced world.

This book delves into the intricate relationship between the brain’s structure and

exercise. Chapter 19 explores the fascinating world of neuronal development, an ongoing

process throughout life. We discuss the correlation between cortical brain regions and

exercise and the impact of exercise on memory and executive functions. This captivating

study area is sure to keep the audience engaged and intrigued.

Gratitude for the Pioneers: Acknowledging the Invaluable Contributions of Asst. Prof.

Dr. Boonlerst Outayanik, Muhammet Küçükkoras, Tugba Küçükerdem, and Lecturer

Sinan Dinç

İÇİNDEKİLER

CHAPTER 1 : BRAIN

Brain

Cells of the Brain

Neurons

Synapses

Neurotransmitter

Dendrit

Glial Cells

Parts of the Brain

Brain Lobes and Their Functions

Neocortex Thinking Brain

Cerebellum

Parietal Lobe

Temporal Lobe

Occipital Lobe

Limbic System

Hippocampus

Amygdala

Thalamus

Corpus callosum

CHAPTER 2 : BRAIN AND EXERCISE

Brain and Exercise

Exercise and Prefrontal Structure

Brain and Physical Activity

Physical Exercise and Brain Power

Brain Structure and Physical Activity

Effect of Physical Exercise on Brain and Cognitive Function

Brain Module in Children, Adolescents, University Students,

and Middle-Aged Adults

Effect of Acute Physical Activity on Neural Mechanisms

Brain Plasticity and Modulation

CHAPTER 3 : BRAIN AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Brain and Cognitive Development

Brain and Cognitive Reserve

CHAPTER 4 : PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BRAIN AND COGNITION

Physical Activity Brain And Cognition

Cognitive Control and Physical Activity

Physical Activity and Cognitive Function

Physical Activity Cognition and Physiological Mechanisms

Cognitive Performance with Physical Activity Level

The Effect of Physical Activity and Exercise on Cognitive and Affective Levels

The Concept of Physical Activity and Cognition

CHAPTER 5 : EXERCISE BRAIN AND COGNITION

Exercise Brain and Cognition

Exercise and Cognitive Function

Effect of Acute High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Performance

Cognitive Benefits of Physical Exercise

Cognitive Structure and Exercise

Effect of Resistance Exercise on Cognitive Function

Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Performance

A Conceptual Framework for Cognitive Functioning

Effect of Physical Exercise on Cognition

Neuroplasty and Physical Exercise

The Role of Physical Exercise in Cognitive Function

Executive Function and Exercise

Physical Exercise and Executive Functions

Acute Exercise and Cognitive Function

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cognitive Functioning

Effect of Aerobic Training on Vascular and Metabolic Risk Factors

Cognitive Function in Athletes

CHAPTER 6 : PSYCHOMOTOR AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Psychomotor and Cognitive Development

Motor Control and Cognition

CHAPTER 7 : BRAIN HEALTH AND EXERCISE

Brain Health and Exercise

The Effect of Physical Activity and Exercise on Brain Health

Effect on the Structure of the Brain

CHAPTER 8 : PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE

DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN

Physical Activity and Cognitive Development in Children

Physical Activity and Academic Success

Physical Activity and Cognitive Development in Children

The Relationship between Aerobic Exercise and Stroop in Children

The Effects of Physical Activity and Fitness on Cognitive

Function and Academic Skills in Children

CHAPTER 9 : PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

DURING ADOLESCENCE

Physical Activity and Cognitive Development during Adolescence

Aerobic Exercise and Hippocampal Volume and Memory Performance in

Preadolescent Individuals

Effect of Acute Exercise on Working Memory and Cortical

Activities in Young Adults

Exercise and Cognitive Performance in Adults                  

The Effect of Physical Activity and Fitness on Cognitive

Function in Adolescents

Physical Activity and Cognition for Adults

Beneficial Effects of Physical Activity

Neurotrophins and Physical Activity

Physical Fitness and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

Physical Activity, Cognitive Structure and Brain in the Elderly

CHAPTER 10 : PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN

THE ELDERLY

Physical Activity and Cognitive Processes in the Elderly

Physical Activity and Cognitive Aging

Executive Function and Physical Activity in Older Adults

The Role of Physical Activity in Cognitive Aging

How Physical Activity Shapes the Aging Brain

CHAPTER 11 : EXERCISE AND MEMORY

The Process of Learning in the Brain

How Does Learning Occur in The Brain

Brain Plasticity

In Which Brain Cells Does Learning Occur

Where is Our Memory in Our Brain

Memory and Exercise

Aerobic Exercise and Episodic Memory

Aerobic Exercise and Convergent and Divergent Thinking

Motor Memory and Exercise

Resistance Exercise and Memory

Physical Activity and Memory

Effect of Memory on Mental Performance

Exercise and Classical Conditioning

Exercise and Long-Term Memory

Acute Exercise and Memory

Acute Physical Activity Brain and Cognition

Working Memory

Physical Activity Divergent and Convergent Thinking

CHAPTER 12 : MOVEMENT AND LEARNING

Movement and Learning

Physical Activity and Learning

Active Learning

Physical Activity and Exercise, Learning

CHAPTER 13 : ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND EXERCISE

Physical Activity, Cognition, and Academic Performance

Academic Performance and Exercise

Effect of Physical Activity on Cognition and Academic Performance

Mind Mapping and Learning

CHAPTER 14 : EXERCISE, INTELLIGENCE, AND COGNITION

Exercise, Intelligence, and Cognition

CHAPTER 15 : EXERCISE AND MENTAL HEALTH

Exercise and Mental Well-Being Considering to Role of

Exercise on Mental Health and Well-Being

The Relationship between Physical Activity and Mental Health in Adolescents

Physical Activity and Mental Health

CHAPTER 16 : TYPES OF EXERCISE

Aerobic Exercise

Anaerobic Exercise

Nine Matrix Exercise

What is the Nine Matrix Exercise

Nine Matrix Exercise and Development of Motor Skills and Learning

Unique features of the Nine Matrix Exercise

Nine Matrix Exercise and Development of Diverse Learning Skills

Nine Matrix Exercise and Development Thinking and Learning Skills

CHAPTER 17 : METHOD

The Following Items Were Targeted With This Project

Hypotheses Created According to the Aims of the Research are Listed Below

Design - Methods and Procedures

Research Group

Study’s Procedure

Experimental Processing Process

Selection of the Experimental Group

Selection of the Control Group

Data Collection Process and Tools

Data Collection Tools

Measurement of Cognitive Function

Verbal Memory Process Test

Trail Making Test

Stroop Test

Application of Data Collection Tools

The data collection process has been planned out as follows

Analysis of Data

CHAPTER 18 : FINDINGS

CHAPTER 19 : CONCLUSION

Trail Making Test Experimental Group Research Results

Verbal Memory Test Experimental Group Research Results

Trail-Making Test Control Group Research Results

Verbal Memory Test Control Group Research Results

Stroop Test Experimental Group Research Results

Stroop Test Control Group Research Results

REFERENCES