Principles of Researches in Orthodontic Bonding

İÇİNDEKİLER

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO ORTHODONTIC BONDING RESEARCH

1.1 Historical Background

1.2 The Concept of Adhesion in Orthodontics

1.3 Importance of Research in Orthodontic Bonding

1.4 Clinical Challenges and Research Motivations

1.5 Modern Research Directions

References

CHAPTER 2

FUNDAMENTALS OF ADHESION AND BONDING

2.1 Surface Energy and Wettability

2.2 Bonding to Enamel

2.3 Bonding to Dentin

2.4 Bonding to Composite Resins

2.5 Bonding to Amalgam

2.6 Bonding to Ceramics and Zirconia

2.7 Bonding to New Materials (3D-Printed Surfaces)

2.8 Measurement of Bond Strength

2.9 Factors Influencing Bond Strength

References

CHAPTER 3

TYPES OF RESEARCH MODELS IN ORTHODONTIC

BONDING STUDIES

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Overview of the Oral Environment

3.3 In Vitro Studies

3.4 Ex Vivo Studies

3.5 In Situ Studies

3.6 In Vivo Studies

3.7 Environmental Simulation Techniques

3.9 Comparative Summary

References

CHAPTER 4

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN ORTHODONTIC BONDING

4.1 Study Design

4.2 Sample Preparation

4.3 Bonding Procedure

4.4 Aging and Thermocycling

4.5 Mechanical Testing

4.6 Failure Mode Analysis

4.7 Statistical Analysis

References

CHAPTER 5

SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION AND MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION IN ORTHODONTIC BONDING RESEARCH

5.1 Purpose and Significance

5.2 Surface Analysis Techniques in Orthodontic Research

5.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

5.4 Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS)

5.5 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)

5.6 Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)

5.7 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

5.8 Spectroscopic Techniques

5.9 Quantitative Surface-Topography Methods

5.10 Correlating Microscopy with Bond Strength

References

CHAPTER 6

THERMOCYCLING, AGING, AND DEGRADATION MODELS IN ORTHODONTIC BONDING RESEARCH

6.1 Rationale for Artificial Aging

6.2 Thermocycling Protocols

6.3 Water Storage and Hydrolytic Aging

6.4 pH Cycling and Chemical Challenge Models

6.5 Enzymatic and Biodegradation Models

6.6 Mechanical Fatigue and Load Cycling

6.7 Thermal–Mechanical–Chemical Combined Models

6.8 Analytical Evaluation After Aging

6.9 Clinical Relevance

6.10 Future Directions

References

CHAPTER 7

STANDARDIZATION IN BONDING ORTHODONTIC BRACKETS AND BRACKET SELECTION

7.1 Sources of Variability

7.2 Methods to Achieve Standardization

7.3 Bracket Selection in Orthodontic Research and

Clinical Practice

7.4 Reporting Standards

References

CHAPTER 8

CHALLENGES AND COMMON PITFALLS IN ORTHODONTIC BRACKET BONDING RESEARCH

8.1 Experimental Design Challenges

8.2 Material-Related Pitfalls

8.3 Operator-Related Errors

8.4 Environmental and Storage Challenges

8.5 Reporting and Data Analysis Faults

8.6 Overgeneralization of In Vitro Findings

8.7 Summary of Common Faults and Challenges

8.8 Recommendations for Future Research

References

CHAPTER 9

COMPUTER-AIDED AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF

BONDED BRACKETS

9.1 Fundamentals of Finite Element Analysis in Orthodontics

9.2 Modeling Orthodontic Brackets and Adhesives

9.3 Predicting Failure Modes and Force Distribution

9.4 Limitations of FEA

9.5 Future Directions

References